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2017-5-9 Surface 和 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器的注意事项 Considerations for Surface and Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager 本文内容 从根本上讲,将 Surface 设备与 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器的管理和部署与任何其他电脑的管理和部署相同。.
从根本上讲,将 Surface 设备与 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器的管理和部署与任何其他电脑的管理和部署相同。Fundamentally, management and deployment of Surface devices with Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager is the same as the management and deployment of any other PC.与任何其他电脑一样,部署到 Surface 设备包括导入驱动程序、导入 Windows 映像、准备部署任务序列,然后将任务序列部署到集合。Like any other PC, a deployment to Surface devices includes importing drivers, importing a Windows image, preparing a deployment task sequence, and then deploying the task sequence to a collection.部署后,Surface 设备与任何其他 Windows 客户端一样;若要发布应用、设置和策略,请使用与任何其他设备相同的进程。After deployment, Surface devices are like any other Windows client; to publish apps, settings, and policies, you use the same process as you would use for any other device.
你可以在Microsoft 终结点配置管理器的文档中找到有关如何使用 Configuration Manager 部署和管理设备的详细信息。You can find more information about how to use Configuration Manager to deploy and manage devices in the Documentation for Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager.
尽管表面设备的部署和管理与任何其他电脑基本相同,但仍有一些可能需要其他注意事项或步骤的方案。Although the deployment and management of Surface devices is fundamentally the same as any other PC, there are some scenarios that may require additional considerations or steps.本文提供了这些方案的说明和指南。This article provides descriptions and guidance for these scenarios.本文中所述的解决方案可能也适用于其他设备和制造商。The solutions documented in this article may apply to other devices and manufacturers as well.
- Another potential solution to avoid conflict when adapters are shared is to use the Microsoft Deployment Toolkit (MDT) to perform deployment to Surface devices. MDT does not use the MAC address to identify individual computers and thus is not subject to this limitation.
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备注
对于 Surface 设备的管理,建议使用 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器的当前分支。For management of Surface devices it is recommended that you use the Current Branch of Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager.
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更新 Surface 设备驱动程序和固件Updating Surface device drivers and firmware
对于通过 Windows 更新接收更新的设备,Surface 组件(甚至固件更新)的驱动程序将自动应用为 Windows 更新过程的一部分。For devices that recieve updates through Windows Update, drivers for Surface components (and even firmware updates) are applied automatically as part of the Windows Update process.对于具有托管更新(如通过 Windows Server 更新服务(WSUS)或配置管理器更新)的设备,请参阅管理 Surface 驱动程序和固件更新。For devices with managed updates, such as those updated through Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) or Configuration Manager, see Manage Surface driver and firmware updates.
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Surface 设备驱动程序和固件使用 SHA-256 进行了签名,这不是 Windows Server 2008 R2 本身所支持的。Surface device drivers and firmware are signed with SHA-256, which is not natively supported by Windows Server 2008 R2.适用于 Windows Server 2008 R2 上运行的 Configuration Manager 环境的解决方法。A workaround is available for Configuration Manager environments running on Windows Server 2008 R2.有关详细信息,请参阅无法将驱动程序导入 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器(KB3025419)。For more information, see Can't import drivers into Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager (KB3025419).
Surface 以太网适配器和 Configuration Manager 部署Surface Ethernet adapters and Configuration Manager deployment
Configuration Manager 用于在部署期间标识设备的默认机制是媒体访问控制(MAC)地址。The default mechanism that Configuration Manager uses to identify devices during deployment is the Media Access Control (MAC) address.由于 MAC 地址与以太网控制器相关联,因此在多个设备之间共享的以太网适配器将导致 Configuration Manager 仅将每个设备标识为一个设备。Because the MAC address is associated with the Ethernet controller, an Ethernet adapter shared among multiple devices will cause Configuration Manager to identify each of the devices as only a single device.这可能会导致 Windows Configuration Manager 部署不会应用到预期设备。This can cause a Configuration Manager deployment of Windows to not be applied to intended devices.
为了确保在部署期间使用相同以太网适配器的 Surface 设备标识为唯一设备,你可以指示 Configuration Manager 使用其他方法标识设备。To ensure that Surface devices using the same Ethernet adapter are identified as unique devices during deployment, you can instruct Configuration Manager to identify devices using another method.此其他方法可以是无线网络适配器的 MAC 地址或系统通用唯一标识符(系统 UUID)。This other method could be the MAC address of the wireless network adapter or the System Universal Unique Identifier (System UUID).你可以使用以下选项指定 Configuration Manager 使用其他标识方法:You can specify that Configuration Manager use other identification methods with the following options:
Microsoft Surface Mac Address 1
- 为 Surface 以太网适配器的 MAC 地址添加排除项,这将强制 Configuration Manager 忽略 System UUID 的首选 MAC 地址,如在一起终结点配置管理器 OSD 博客文章中重复使用同一 NIC 执行多个 PXE 启动的部署中所述。Add an exclusion for the MAC addresses of Surface Ethernet adapters, which forces Configuration Manager to overlook the MAC address in preference of the System UUID, as documented in the Reusing the same NIC for multiple PXE initiated deployments in SMicrosoft Endpoint Configuration Manager OSD blog post.
- 按系统 UUID 预安排设备,如在Microsoft 终结点配置管理器 OSD 博客文章中为多个 PXE 启动的部署重复使用相同的 NIC中所述。Prestage devices by System UUID as documented in the Reusing the same NIC for multiple PXE initiated deployments in Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager OSD blog post.
- 使用脚本通过其无线适配器的 MAC 地址标识新部署的 Surface 设备,如如何对多个 SCCM OSD 博客文章使用相同的外部以太网适配器中所述。Use a script to identify a newly deployed Surface device by the MAC address of its wireless adapter, as documented in the How to Use The Same External Ethernet Adapter For Multiple SCCM OSD blog post.
在通过配置管理器部署期间,对 Surface 以太网适配器的另一个考虑是以太网控制器的驱动程序。Another consideration for the Surface Ethernet adapter during deployments with Configuration Manager is the driver for the Ethernet controller.从 Windows 10 版本1511开始,Windows 中默认包含 Surface 以太网适配器的驱动程序。Beginning in Windows 10, version 1511, the driver for the Surface Ethernet adapter is included by default in Windows.对于想要部署最新版本的 Windows 10 并使用最新版本的 WinPE 的组织,使用 Surface 以太网适配器不需要其他操作。For organizations that want to deploy the latest version of Windows 10 and use the latest version of WinPE, use of the Surface Ethernet adapter requires no additional actions.
对于 windows 10 版本1511(包括 Windows 10 RTM 和 Windows 8.1)之前的 Windows 版本,你可能仍然需要安装 Surface 以太网适配器驱动程序,并将该驱动程序包括在 WinPE 启动媒体中。For versions of Windows prior to Windows 10, version 1511 (including Windows 10 RTM and Windows 8.1), you may still need to install the Surface Ethernet adapter driver and include the driver in your WinPE boot media.在 Windows 10 中包含该驱动程序后,从 Microsoft 下载中心下载该驱动程序将不再可用。With its inclusion in Windows 10, the driver is no longer available for download from the Microsoft Download Center.若要下载 Surface 以太网适配器驱动程序,请从 Microsoft Update 目录下载,如图中所述。从咨询核心团队博客文章中的 '以太网驱动程序博客文章'。To download the Surface Ethernet adapter driver, download it from the Microsoft Update Catalog as documented in the Surface Ethernet Drivers blog post from the Ask The Core Team blog.
通过 Configuration Manager 部署 Surface 应用Deploy Surface app with Configuration Manager
使用 Microsoft Store for Business 发布后,Surface app 将不再以驱动程序和固件下载的形式提供。With the release of Microsoft Store for Business, Surface app is no longer available as a driver and firmware download.希望将 Surface 应用部署到托管 Surface 设备或在部署期间使用配置管理器的组织必须通过 Microsoft Store for Business 获取 Surface 应用,然后再使用 PowerShell 部署 Surface 应用。Organizations that want to deploy Surface app to managed Surface devices or during deployment with the use of Configuration Manager, must acquire Surface app through Microsoft Store for Business and then deploy Surface app with PowerShell.你可以在 TechNet 库中找到部署 surface 应用的 PowerShell 命令、下载 surface 应用的说明,以及 Microsoft store for business 中的必备框架。You can find the PowerShell commands for deployment of Surface app, instructions to download Surface app, and prerequisite frameworks from Microsoft Store for Business in the Deploy Surface app with Microsoft Store for Business article in the TechNet Library.
将预留媒体与 Surface 客户端配合使用Use prestaged media with Surface clients
如果你的组织在使用配置管理器部署之前使用预留媒体将部署资源预加载到计算机,则作为 UEFI 设备的 Surface 设备的性质可能需要你执行其他步骤。If your organization uses prestaged media to pre-load deployment resources on to machines prior to deployment with Configuration Manager, the nature of Surface devices as UEFI devices may require you to take additional steps.具体说来,本机 UEFI 环境要求你在系统的启动磁盘上创建多个分区。Specifically, a native UEFI environment requires that you create multiple partitions on the boot disk of the system.如果你与预留媒体的文档一起关注,说明仅提供单个分区启动磁盘,因此在应用到 Surface 设备时将失败。If you are following along with the documentation for prestaged media, the instructions provide for only single partition boot disks and therefore will fail when applied to Surface devices.
有关将预置媒体应用于 UEFI 设备(如 Surface 设备)的说明,请参阅如何在 Microsoft 终结点配置管理器博客文章中的多分区磁盘上应用任务序列预留媒体(适用于 BIOS 或 UEFI 电脑)。Instructions for applying prestaged media to UEFI devices, such as Surface devices, can be found in the How to apply Task Sequence Prestaged Media on multi-partitioned disks for BIOS or UEFI PCs in Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager blog post.
与 OEM 激活3.0 的许可冲突Licensing conflicts with OEM Activation 3.0
Surface 设备预装了 Windows 的许可副本。Surface devices come preinstalled with a licensed copy of Windows.例如,Surface Pro 4 预装了 Windows 10 专业版。For example, Surface Pro 4 is preinstalled with Windows 10 Professional.此预安装的 Windows 副本的许可证密钥嵌入在具有 OEM 激活3.0 (OA 3.0)的设备的固件中。The license key for this preinstalled copy of Windows is embedded in the firmware of the device with OEM Activation 3.0 (OA 3.0).当使用 OA 3.0 密钥在设备上运行 Windows 安装媒体时,Windows 安装程序会自动读取许可证密钥并使用它来安装和激活 Windows。When you run Windows installation media on a device with an OA 3.0 key, Windows setup automatically reads the license key and uses it to install and activate Windows.在大多数情况下,这将简化 Windows 的重新安装,因为用户不必查找或输入许可证密钥。In most situations, this simplifies the reinstallation of Windows, because the user does not have to find or enter a license key.
New Microsoft Surface Pro 5
使用 Windows 企业重新映像设备时,此嵌入式许可证密钥不会导致冲突。When you reimage a device by using Windows Enterprise, this embedded license key does not cause a conflict.这是因为 Windows 企业版的安装媒体配置为仅安装 Windows 的企业版,因此与系统固件中嵌入的许可证密钥不兼容。This is because the installation media for Windows Enterprise is configured to install only an Enterprise edition of Windows and therefore is incompatible with the license key embedded in the system firmware.如果未指定产品密钥(例如当你打算使用密钥管理服务(KMS)或基于 Active Directory 的激活)激活时,将使用常规批量许可证密钥(GVLK),直到使用其中一个技术激活 Windows。If a product key is not specified (such as when you intend to activate with Key Management Services [KMS] or Active Directory Based Activation), a Generic Volume License Key (GVLK) is used until Windows is activated by one of those technologies.
但是,当组织希望使用与固件嵌入式密钥兼容的 Windows 版本时,可能会出现问题。However, issues may arise when organizations intend to use versions of Windows that are compatible with the firmware embedded key.例如,要在最初随 Windows 10 家庭版附带的3个设备上安装 Windows 10 专业版的组织可能会在安装期间自动读取 Home edition 密钥时遇到问题,以家庭版的形式进行安装,而不是专业版。For example, an organization that wants to install Windows 10 Professional on a Surface 3 device that originally shipped with Windows 10 Home edition may encounter difficulty when Windows setup automatically reads the Home edition key during installation and installs as Home edition rather than Professional.若要避免此冲突,可以使用 Ei 或 Pid 文件显式指示 Windows 安装程序提示输入产品密钥,或者你可以在部署任务序列中输入特定的产品密钥。To avoid this conflict, you can use the Ei.cfg or Pid.txt file to explicitly instruct Windows setup to prompt for a product key, or you can enter a specific product key in the deployment task sequence.有关详细信息,请参阅Windows 设置版本配置和产品 ID 文件。For more information, see Windows Setup Edition Configuration and Product ID Files.如果你没有特定密钥,你可以使用 Windows 的默认产品密钥,你可以在设备合作伙伴中心的自定义和部署 windows 10 操作系统中找到它。If you do not have a specific key, you can use the default product keys for Windows, which you can find in Customize and deploy a Windows 10 operating system on the Device Partner Center.
在部署过程中应用资产标签Apply an asset tag during deployment
Surface Studio、Surface Book、Surface Pro 4、Surface Pro 3 和 Surface 3 设备都支持在 UEFI 中应用资产标记。Surface Studio, Surface Book, Surface Pro 4, Surface Pro 3, and Surface 3 devices all support the application of an asset tag in UEFI.即使操作系统失败,也可以使用此资产标记从 UEFI 标识设备,也可以从操作系统中查询它。This asset tag can be used to identify the device from UEFI even if the operating system fails, and it can also be queried from within the operating system.若要阅读有关 Surface 资产标签功能的详细信息,请参阅Surface Pro 3博客文章的 '资产标签' 工具。To read more about the Surface Asset Tag function, see the Asset Tag Tool for Surface Pro 3 blog post.
若要在 Configuration Manager 部署任务序列期间使用Surface 资产标记 CLI 实用工具应用资产标签,请使用Configuration manager 任务序列博客文章期间在设置 Surface 资产标签中找到的脚本和说明。To apply an asset tag using the Surface Asset Tag CLI Utility during a Configuration Manager deployment task sequence, use the script and instructions found in the Set Surface Asset Tag During a Configuration Manager Task Sequence blog post.
配置推送按钮重置Configure push-button reset
将 Windows 部署到 Surface 设备时,默认情况下会配置 Windows 的按钮重置功能,以将系统恢复到尚未配置环境的状态。When you deploy Windows to a Surface device, the push-button reset functionality of Windows is configured by default to revert the system back to a state where the environment is not yet configured.使用 reset 函数时,系统会丢弃任何已安装的应用程序和设置。When the reset function is used, the system discards any installed applications and settings.尽管在某些情况下,将系统还原为没有应用程序和设置的状态很有用,因为在专业环境中,这会有效地将系统呈现为最终用户不可用。Although in some situations it can be beneficial to restore the system to a state without applications and settings, in a professional environment this effectively renders the system unusable to the end user.
但是,可以配置推送按钮重置,以将系统配置还原为最终用户可以使用的状态。Push-button reset can be configured, however, to restore the system configuration to a state where it is ready for use by the end user.按照部署推拉按钮重置功能中概述的过程为你的设备自定义按钮重置体验。Follow the process outlined in Deploy push-button reset features to customize the push-button reset experience for your devices.
The MAC address is a unique hardware address using for every network card while consists of 6 pairs of characters, so ISPs often use it to authenticate client devices. If you would like to avoid the location tracking based on the device’s physical address, you can easily do that by randomizing your adapter’s MAC address in Windows 10, but this feature is only working for certain Wi-Fi adapters. Here are the how-to tutorials on Surface Pro model tablet and Windows 10 computer.
How to change/enable random MAC address in Windows 10 for Wi-Fi adapter
Note: Windows 10 has a built in Hardware address randomizer. Make sure you have installed the right drivers.
* Tap or click on the Start menu icon from your desktop, and open the Setting app.
* Click on the Network & Internet category, and select tge WiFi tab.
* On its right side pane, click on the “advanced options” link.
* Locate the “Use Random Hardware Addresses” option and turn it on. You can configure it to ON or “Change daily” if you prefer.
However, if your current wireless hardware radio doesn’t support it, you can not find the “Random Hardware Addresses” section to make changes.
Note: Windows 10 has a built in Hardware address randomizer. Make sure you have installed the right drivers.
* Tap or click on the Start menu icon from your desktop, and open the Setting app.
* Click on the Network & Internet category, and select tge WiFi tab.
* On its right side pane, click on the “advanced options” link.
* Locate the “Use Random Hardware Addresses” option and turn it on. You can configure it to ON or “Change daily” if you prefer.
However, if your current wireless hardware radio doesn’t support it, you can not find the “Random Hardware Addresses” section to make changes.
The third-party software also offers the same solution in Windows 10. But your current network may run into some issues after changing your MAC address.
* Download Technitium MAC Address Changer and install it.
* Run the Technitium MAC Address Changer, select the one you want to change from all available network adapters, and click “Random MAC Address” button to generate a random MAC address on your device. Or you can type a new MAC address with a hexadecimal value to create a new one.
* Then click Change Now! to apply that. In the future, simply click the Restore Original button to restore the default MAC address.
* Download Technitium MAC Address Changer and install it.
* Run the Technitium MAC Address Changer, select the one you want to change from all available network adapters, and click “Random MAC Address” button to generate a random MAC address on your device. Or you can type a new MAC address with a hexadecimal value to create a new one.
* Then click Change Now! to apply that. In the future, simply click the Restore Original button to restore the default MAC address.